Dynamo-electric machine



(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheetv 1.

G. W. FULLER.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.. No. 278,121. Patented May 22,1883.

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(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2. G. W; FULLER.

DYNAMO ELEGTRIG MACHINE.

5 Sheets-Sheet. 3.

(No Model.)

G. W. FULLER.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MAGHINB.

Patented May 22,1883.

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` DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE. No. 278,121. Patented May 22,1883.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 5. G. W. FULLER.

DYNAMO ELEGTRIG MACHINE.

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i UNITED STATESl PATENT rricE..

GEORGE W. FULLER, OF/NORWICH, CONNECTICUT.

DYNAMIC-ELECTRIC MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 278,121, dated' May 22, 1883.

` Applicatiou'iilcd February 19, 1883. (No model.)

To all whom it 'may concern:

Be it known that' I, GEORGE W. FULLER, of Norwich, Connecticut, have invented a certain Improvement in Dynamo-Electric Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My improvements relate tocertain special features of construction in the dynamo-elec- .of an annulus, is provided upon its periphery and sides With polar prominences, and is rotated by the magnetic attraction of rotating field-magnets arranged in circumposedgroups, each of which groups is composed of three magnets of like polarity to each other, but ot' opposite polarity to that ot the groups adjoining it. In the present case, which I designate Case C,77 the annular armature-core, instead of having the polar prominences upon its periphery and sides, is composed of two long.

segments, of iron or other magnetic material, secured to two short segmentsofnon-magnetic material, and in the two circles of rotating field-magnets the magnets of like polarity adjoin each other, and are united by common pole-pieces, those of the Feld-magnets which are ot' one polarity being upon one side of the axis of the machine, and those of the other polarity being upon the other side thereof.

1n carrying out my present invention I employ two parallel systems of circumposed rotating ield-magnets. The number of magnets in each system may be varied according to the size of the machine. The magnets of the two systems are respectively affixed to the opposed faces of two rotating disks, and their axes are parallel to the axis of rotation of the disks. Between the opposed poles of the eldmagnets I support the armature-coils upon a stationary frame. The armature-core, which is segmental] y encircled by the armature-coils,

the ends of the segments.

| is in the forni of a flattened ring, and is suspended in the bight or bights of one or more cablesl or cords hung over a suitably-elevated loose pulley, and is prevented from swaying laterally by means of grooved guide-rollers acting through the spaces between the stationary coils upon the convex portions of the cables embracing the core. The core,beingthus free to rotate, is carried around by the attraction of the rotating field-magnets, and its division into segments of magnetic material causes the establishment in it of permanent poles at The coils of the field-magnets andthe armature-coils are all included in the same circuit, and the machineis self-charging. A peculiar commutator and brushes are employed to collect the electrical impulses induced in the stationary coils, and by means of suitable contact makers and connections the current from the commutator is conducted through the lieldcircuit coils and through the outside or working circuit.

In the accompanying drawings of a machine illustrating my invention, the systems ot' rotating field-magnets are each composed of' but four magnets, two ofwhich of likepolarity are upon one side of the shaft, while the other two, which are ot' the opposite polarity, are upon the other side of the shaft. The number of magnets of which each system is composed, however, maybe indelinitelyincreased, according to the size of the machine.

The drawings are as follows: side elevation of the machine. gitudin al vertical section.

Figure lis a Fig. 2 is alon- Fig. 3 is a front end elevation. Fig. ais a transverse vertical 'section through the dotted line o o on Fig. l. Fig. 5 is a transverse vertical section through the dotted line io w on Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is an elevation of a part ofthe frame supporting the stationary coils. Fig. 7 is a transverse vertical section taken through the dotted line x :o on' Fig.

2, showing in elevation one of the systems of rotating field-magnets and the two pole-pieces respectively connecting the poles of like polarity. Fig. S is a transverse section, showing is an axial section on an enlarged scale ofthe I commutator, and adjoining parts ot' the machine. Fig. 12 is a transverse section of the commutator taken through the line 1 1 on Fig. 11, showing the inode of' securing the brushes tothe rotating brush-holders and the manner in which the brushes bear upon the concave faces ot' the stationary commutatorstrips. Fig. 13 is a transverse section through the line 2 2 on Fig. 11. Fig. Mis a transverse section through theline 3 3 on Fig. 11'. Fig. 15 is a transverse section through the line 4 4 on Fig. 1l, surrounded by a diagram arbitrarily representing the eight stationary armature-coils, and showing the manner ot' electrically connecting these coils with cach other and with the coinmutator-strips. Fig. 16 is a diagram arbitrarilyrepresenting the coils ofthe rotating field-magnets, and showing the manner of electrically connecting such coils with each other and with the contact-wheels by means of which electrical connection is made with stationary brushes.

Referring to the drawings, it will be seen that the bed A is provided with the two standards B and B', which are respectively perforated to receive the opposite ends ofthe horizontal bolts Z1, which project, respectively, through the standards to receive the nuts b'. rlhe standards are respectively provided with the central bosses, B2 and B3, which are perforated to receive the main shaft G of the machine, which is driven bya belt on the pulley C'.

Secured on the shaft G between the standards are the substantial hubs 1) d, to which are fastened, respectively, the wheels D' and d', which carry the held-magnets E E E E and F F F F. The wheels D' and d' arcfastened to their respective hubs by screws D2 and d2. The cores of the field-magnets are at one end fastened to the wheels D' and fZ',.respect ively, by suitable numbers ot' screws, D and d3. The axes of` the tieldmagnet cores are, it will be seen, parallel to the shaft C. The pairs of adjoining magnets E E and E' E', F F and F F', are provided with the pole-pieces c and c',j`Y and j", respectively, which are severally fastened to the field-magnet cores by the screws c2 o and j`2j3, respectively. r1`he horizontal bolts I) serve the further purpose of'l supporting the two annular plates G g, to which the stationary armatureeoils Hare secured. These plates are each provided with outwardlyprojecting perforated ears, like the ears g' in Fig. 6, through which the bolts b areinserted, and with eight equidistant inwardly-projecting triangular ears, g2,the relatively-opposed sides of which are parallel with each other, and are provided with inclined anges g to form the bearings for the beveled sides 7i of the stationary coils II, as shown in Fig. S. Gibs h' are introduced at one side of each coil, and set screws h2 are inserted in the anges g3 for setting up the gibs 7L' and firmlyV holding the coils in position. The two plates G g are secured to each other by the bolts G'.

The' holes in the outwardly-projecting ears g' of' the plates G g are made larger than the bolts b, and are each provided with the three set-screws G2 G2 G2, the inner ends ot' which bear upon'the bolts b in each ease, for the purpose of affording means of adjusting the position of the circumposed stationary coils H relatively to the position of the armaturecore. The stationary coils H are circuinposed and loosely encircle sections ot' the floating arma' ture -eore I, which is a flattened ring composed of two long segments, l' l2, of paramagnetic material, united at their ends to two shorter segments, 13 I, of diainagnetic material, by the screws The longer segments may each be made of two plates, i. ji' and 'i2 i2, as shown in Fig. 10, secured to each other by the screws t2.

The eore I is suspended in the bight of three endless cords, K K K, which are deposited in three parallel circumferential grooves, k L lr, formed in the periphery ofthe core. The suspending-cords are hung over the elevated pulley K' in the three circumferential grooves 7s' Zt" k', respectively. Any lateral sway of the core is prevented by means of the guide-rolt ers L, L', and L2, cach of which also has three circumferential grooves for engagement with the suspending-cords, respectively.

1t will be seen that the spaces between the exterior edges ot the stationary arm attire-coils H expose sufficient portions of the periphery ofthe core to permit the application ot' the guide-rollers, as described.

The shaft Z ot' the lower guideroller has its bearing in the box M, supported by the stand ards M M2, erected upon the bed of' the machine. The shafts Z' and Z2 ot the upper guide-v rollers have their bearings, respectively, in the boxes on, m, supported by means ot' the eye-bars m m and m2m2 upon the horizontal bolts b b b b.

The rollers L', K', and L2, in addition to acting as idlers and taking up the slack of the suspending-cords, also serve as means for efiiecting the lateral adjustment of the core. To this end the holes in the eye bars through which the bolts b are inserted are made larger in diameter than the bolts, and the eye bars are provided with the adj ustin g-screws U." M3 FP, the ends of which in each instance bear upon the bolt b. It will be seen that by means ot' these adjusting-screws either of the pulleys L' and L2 may be moved inwardly or outwardly,

and that by moving the pulley L' outwardly and the pulley L2 inwardly the core may he swung to the right, and, vice versa, by moving the pulley L' inwardly and the pulley L2 outwardly the core may be swung to the left.

The shaft Z3 ot" the elevated pulley K' has its bearing in thebox Z, supported by means ot' the eye-bars Z5 Z5 upon the upper pair of horizontal bolts, b b.

The coils ofthe field-magnets of" each group are so connected that the pairs of magnets having a common pole-piece are of like polarity to each other, the magnets having their cores afl fixed to one polepiece being of opposite polari ty to that of the magnets having their cores of the manner in which the coils of the fieldy which face each other are also of like polarity, the two pole-pieces upon one side of the shaft affixed to the other pole-piece. VThe pole-pieces being of one polarity and the remaining polepieces upon the opposite side ofthe shaft being of the opposite polarity.

In Fig. 16, which is a diagram illustrative magnets may be so connected up as to be included in the same circuit, there is an arbitrary representation of the coils of the two groups of field-magnets as they would appear if the disks upon which they are respectively supported should be swung around upon vertical axes in opposite directions so as to present the opposed poles of the cores in the same plane.

By following ont the diagram showing the convolutions of the coils and the mode of connection of the coils with each other it will be seen that the upper pairs ofthe two groups of field-magnets present north poles toward each other and the lower pairs present south poles toward each other.

The terminals N n of the field-circuit are carried through apertures in the hub d, and are electrically connected, respectively, with the contact-disks N u', which are insulated from each other and from the main shaft O, upon which they are mounted.

The current to charge the field is transmitted to the contact-disks Nl n' by the brushes N2 n2.' One of these brushes, N2, is electrically connected with the, binding-post N3 on the lower end of the brush-holder, which supports the brush n3, which bears upon the face of the contact-wheel a4, mounted upon the stub end e of the main shaft, but insulated therefrom, and electrically connected with the commutatorbrush holder a5. One terminal of the working circuit is connected with the brush iand the other terminal is connected with the binding-post N4 on the lower end of the holder which supports the brush N5, which bears upon the contact-wheel N, mounted upon the stub end o of the main shaft, but insulated therefrom, and electrically connected with the othercommutator-brushholder,N7. 'lhebrush` holder a5 isa semi-cylinder, the front end of whichis secured to the contact-Wheel n4 by the three screws uff. The brush-holder N", also semi-cylindrical in shape, is provided on its front end with three perforated bosses, NB, which project through the apertures a7 in the contact-wheel n, and which are tapped to receive the three screws N9 by which the brushholder N7 is secured to the contact-wheel NG.

The perforated bosses N 8 are surrounded with tubular shields ot' insulating material N10, by which they are insulated from the contact-wheel n4.

The two contact-wheels or* and N are secured upon the stub end c' of the shaft by means of the nut c, which serves to clamp the contact-wheels against the shoulder c2, formed upon the shaft (l.

It will be seen that the commutator-brushes n and N11, which are afxed, respectively, to

rotating brush-holders uand N7, bear upon the concave surfaces of the eommutator-strips 0, which are affixed to the interior of the cylinderO/,but are insulated therefrom and from eachl other. The brushes n and N1l are respectively fastened by the screws it N12 to the top of the ribs MON, formed upon the exterior of the brush-holders a5 and N7, respecti-vely.

A shield of insulating material, N13,is inter'- posed between the stub end of the shaft and the concave surfaces of the brush-holders. The inner ends are each provided with pairs of projecting lugs, which are perforated to receive the clampingscrews N14, by which the brush-holders are clamped together. Washers of insulating material, Nw, are introduced between the lugs.

The clamping-screws N14 NH, which are screwed into the lugs of the brush-holder N7, are suitably insulated from the brush-holder N5, as shown in Fig.'l2.

The commutator-cylinder O 1s fastened by the set-screws O2 upon the projecting end of the boss B, inwhieh the main shaft C has one ofits bearings, aud is circumferentially adjustable. The ends of the screws O2 are conical, and bear upon the inwardly-inclined bottom O3 of a circumferential groove in the periphery of the boss B3, thus producing the effect of forcing the rear end, O, of the commutator-cylinder against the shoulder B4 of the boss B3, and thereby centralizing the commutator-cylinder.

rllhe strips are fastened to the cylinder by means ot' the screws O5. A binding-post, O, is provided for each strip, and the number of strips equals the number of stationary coils employed in the machine.

The stationary coils H are connected in series, the outer convolution of one coil being connected with the inner convolution of the next following coil, and so on, thus making an endless conductor, H', which` includes all the stationary coils.

Between each pair of coils the circuit H is looped to the commutator-strips, as illustrated in Fig. 15.

I claim as my invention,-

l. In a dynamo-electric machine provided with a suitable commutator and suitable electrical connections, two parallel systems of ro tating field-magnets, a system of circumposed stationary armature-coils arranged between the opposed poles of the two systems of fieldmagnets, and loosely-encircling segments of a floating armature-core in the form of a Hattened ring built up of segments ot' magnetic material joined to segments of non-magnetic material, as set forth. y

2. In a dynamoelectric machine substantially of the character described, in which the field-magnets are rotated and the circumposed armaturecoils are stationary, an annular armature-core independent of the armature-coils and suspended in the bight or bights of a cord or cords hung over an elevated pulley IOC) and prevented from lateral swaying by suitably-grooved guide-rollers acting through two or more of thespaces between the outer portions ofthe circumposed stationary coils upon a cord or cords lying against the periphery of the annular core.

3. In a commutator substantially such aslected by the rotating' brushes are conducted to the terminals of the eld and working circuits.

4. In combination with the pulley K', the adjustable pulleys L' L2, bearing in opposite directions upon the cords, in the bights of which the armature-core is suspended, for et'- fecting the lateral adjustment of the armaturecore.

5. The frame for supporting thecircuinposed stationary coils H, composedof the. plates G g, provided with means of adjustment for adjusting;` the circulnposed coils II relatively to the armature-core 1I.

GEO. \V. FULLER,

Witnesses:

Jos. C. EARLE, J. H. SHUMWAY. 

